Appearance
背景说明
雅思(IETLS)考试的写作部分有2个任务, 分别是TASK 1(小作文)和TASK 2(大作文).
作文结构说明
- TASK 1: 通常为数据报告, 由 引言段(Introduction), 总述段(Overview) 以及 细节段(Details) 这3个部分组成.
- TASK 2: 通常为议论文, 由 引言段(Introduction), 主体段(Body) 以及 结论段(Conclusion) 这3个部分组成.
评分说明
TASK 1 和 TASK 2 都有4项评分标准, 其中的 CC, TR, LR的评分标准是相同的, 仅第一项评分标准不同 (因此, 第一项中的所有的都不同). TASK 1 的第一项评分标准是TA(任务完成), TASK 2 的第一项评分标准是TR(任务响应).
以下是 ==评分细则== 的名称, 缩写与定义:
TASK 1: TASK ACHIEVEMENT (TA): 任务完成
- 特征选择 (Key Feature Selection, KFS): selecting key features of the information.
- 细节阐述 (Detail Illustration, DI): providing sufficient detail to illustrate these features.
- 准确报告 (Accuracy in Reporting, AR): reporting the information, figures and trends accurately.
- 数据对比 (Data Comparison, DC): comparing or contrasting the information by adequately highlighting the identifiable trends, principal changes or differences in the data and other inputs (rather than mechanical description reporting detail).
- 格式呈现 (Appropriate Format Presentation, AFP): presenting the response in an appropriate format.
TASK 2: TASK RESPONSE (TR): 任务响应
- 任务完成度 (Task Fulfillment, TF): how fully the candidate responds to the task.
- 观点充分性 (Idea Development and Support, IDS): how adequately the main ideas are extended and supported.
- 主题相关性 (Relevance to Task, RTT): how relevant the candidate's ideas are to the task.
- 论述清晰度 (Clarity of Position, CP): how clearly the candidate opens the discourse, establishes their position and formulates conclusions.
- 格式适当性 (Appropriate Format, AF): how appropriate the format of the response is to the task.
COHERENCE AND COHESION (CC): 连贯与衔接
- 逻辑连贯性 (Logical Coherence, LC): the coherence of the response via the logical organisation of information and/or ideas, or the logical progression of the argument.
- 段落安排 (Paragraphing, P): the appropriate use of paragraphing for topic organisation and presentation.
- 逻辑顺序 (Logical Sequencing, LS): the logical sequencing of ideas and/or information within and across paragraphs.
- 照应与替代 (Reference and Substitution, RS): the flexible use of reference and substitution (e.g. definite articles, pronouns).
- 话语标记 (Discourse Markers, DM): the appropriate use of discourse markers to clearly mark the stages in a response, e.g. [First of all | In conclusion], and to signal the relationship between ideas and/or information, e.g. [as a result | similarly].
LEXICAL RESOURCE (LR): 词汇资源
- 词汇范围 (Vocabulary Range, VR): the range of general words used (e.g. the use of synonyms to avoid repetition).
- 词汇充足性与适切性 (Vocabulary Adequacy and Appropriacy, VAA): the adequacy and appropriacy of the vocabulary (e.g. topic-specific items, indicators of writer’s attitude).
- 措辞精准度 (Diction Precision, DP): the precision of word choice and expression.
- 搭配习语及复杂表达 (Collocations, Idioms, and Sophisticated Expressions, CISE): the control and use of collocations, idiomatic expressions and sophisticated phrasing.
- 拼写错误 (Spelling Errors, SE): the frequency and communicative effect of errors in spelling.
- 构词错误 (Word Formation Errors, WFE): the frequency and communicative effect of errors in word formation.
GRAMMATICAL RANGE AND ACCURACY (GRA): 语法范围和准确性
- 句式范围与适切性 (Range and Appropriacy of Sentence Structures, RAS): the range and appropriacy of structures used in a given response (e.g. simple, compound and complex sentences).
- 句型准确性 (Sentence Accuracy, SA): the accuracy of simple, compound and complex sentences.
- 语法错误 (Grammatical Errors, GE): the density and communicative effect of grammatical errors.
- 标点使用 (Punctuation Use, PU): the accurate and appropriate use of punctuation.
表格
TASK 1 和 TASK 2 的评分细则加起来都为20项.
| 任务 | 评分标准 | 评分细则 |
|---|---|---|
| Task 1 | ||
| Task 2 | ||
| 共有 | CC (连贯与衔接) |
|
| LR (词汇资源) |
| |
| GRA (语法范围和准确性) |
|